留學(xué)生國(guó)際商務(wù)管理dissertation
在讀了兩篇文章之后,,我意識(shí)到如今為了在全球貿(mào)易的環(huán)境下更好地發(fā)展,公司選擇國(guó)際化是一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的策略。作為影響公司國(guó)際化的所有因素(韋爾奇Loustarinen,1988參考Svante安德森,2005),其中也有許多因素影響著公司的發(fā)展。因此,本研究的目的是探索不同的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)環(huán)境是如何影響企業(yè)的國(guó)際增長(zhǎng)戰(zhàn)略的?哪些因素將會(huì)加速企業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)?
在不同的市場(chǎng)背景下的國(guó)際發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略
公司在不同的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境下制定的國(guó)際發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略也是不同的,如不同的消費(fèi)和工業(yè)市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)環(huán)境。這意味著制定國(guó)際決策需要經(jīng)過(guò)理性分析不同的營(yíng)銷(xiāo)環(huán)境,即運(yùn)輸成本、障礙物、交易成本、勞動(dòng)力成本和市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)度。然而,這項(xiàng)研究說(shuō)明,基于不同的企業(yè)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)環(huán)境,也會(huì)得出不同的國(guó)際發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。
在工業(yè)制造業(yè)的國(guó)際發(fā)展
這些新興管理類(lèi)型的企業(yè)都是基于擁有國(guó)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)和國(guó)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)的企業(yè)家們而成的。同時(shí),也不存在大型工業(yè)制造業(yè)國(guó)際化發(fā)展的外部障礙。這可能是在一個(gè)地方制造生產(chǎn),而出口到另一個(gè)國(guó)家。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)環(huán)境有很大的影響,如降低貿(mào)易壁壘;減少運(yùn)輸和通信成本。在交通運(yùn)輸方面,企業(yè)家要注重技術(shù)開(kāi)發(fā)和降低成本,簡(jiǎn)化公司國(guó)際化的意圖。國(guó)際創(chuàng)業(yè)也應(yīng)用到了營(yíng)銷(xiāo)情境。
After reading two articles, I recognized in order to growing firms in todays worldwide trading, the company also choose the Internationalization to be a common strategy. As internationalization affects all parts of a company (Welch& Loustarinen, 1988 refer to the Svante Andersson, 2005), there are many factors influenced in the growth process of a firm. This article will focus on studying the firms’ marketing side and some factors will be help to firms’ growth. Thus the aim of this study is to explore how do different marketing context influence firms’ international growth strategies and which factors will accelerate to the firms’ growth?
在不同的市場(chǎng)背景下的國(guó)際發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略———International growth strategies in different marketing context
The firms make the international growth strategies which are different in different marketing contexts, such as different consumer and industrial marketing context. It means made international decisions need to go through a rational analysis of different marketing context, namely transportation costs, some barriers, transaction costs, labor costs, and market competition intensity. However, this study has described that, based on the firms marketing context there are different international growth strategies will be came out.
在工業(yè)制造業(yè)的國(guó)際發(fā)展———International Growth in Industrial Manufacturing Industries
These type firms of emerging and managing are based on the entrepreneurs who have the international experience and international network. As the same time, there are no large external obstacles for industrial manufacturing to internationalize development. It is possible the manufacture producing in one place, and export it to another country. With the globalization trends, the marketing contexts have a great impact, such as lowering trade barriers; reduce the cost of transport and communication. The sector of transport and communication, entrepreneurs need to focus on technology development and lower costs to make it easier of their international firm intention. The international entrepreneurship also applied into this marketing context.
在消費(fèi)品行業(yè)的國(guó)際發(fā)展———International Growth in Consumer Product Industries
However, there are also differences making the international growth in consumer markets.
Some researchers said that “There are more customers within a country in consumer markets than industrial markets. The consumer market company can expand in the home market for a longer time before looking for growth opportunities abroad.”(Svante Andersson, 2005)
So, we can describe the phenomenon that a firm producing consumer goods should firstly go into the home market before it enters new markets. It should also concentrate the resources on fewer competitor markets than firms in industrial markets. Even though one country has many customers in consumer marketing, the consumer marketing in home is saturated; the internationalization may be playing an important role in growth strategy. Because there are economies of scale need such as purchasing, manufacturing, advertising and brand building.
However, the firms internationalize in consumer goods industries later than in industrial goods. There take longer time to saturate the consumers market in the home country as there are more than industrial buyers. And then enter a foreign market; if the entry wants to be successful, it needs more resources. To be successful compete with local competitors.
在工業(yè)服務(wù)業(yè)的國(guó)際發(fā)展———International Growth in Industrial Service Industries
This internationalization of industrial services is more challenging for companies. The feature of the service is that the consumed and produced simultaneously. For internationalize growth strategy, the service should be present in the foreign market. Even though in industrial marketing there are few customers, the customer is very important relations in service marketing.
For industrial services relations with the customers are more important than cultures. As the relations are simple, it is able to control them individually and a new market entry does not need high cost for pull strategy (advertising and so on). However, by the article “International Growth Strategies in Consumer and Business-to-Business Markets in Manufacturing and Service Sectors” mentioned that: “as services are personal intensive and resource intensive it is not possible to internationalize as fast as in the industrial product industry.” (Svante Andersson, 2005)
在消費(fèi)服務(wù)行業(yè)的國(guó)際發(fā)展———International Growth in Consumer Service Industries
Consumer service industries are able to internationalize that need most resources. The firms have to be present needing a lot of resources on the market. It takes the longest time to internationalize. That is harder to reach international consumers than at home consumers. As there are more cultural sensitive than industrial products, especially consumer products and services more complicate internationalization. It needs probably adapt the service to international cultures diversifies. Consumer services need more resources. However, international marketing is expensive in consumer marketing.
It will probably be smart to service differentiation into new products in the home market before the firm making decision to go international and build closely relations with the customer.
影響企業(yè)發(fā)展的因素———The factors influence firms’ growth
For managers this study shows when decisions on growth need to analysis the factors of analyzing the characteristics of a firm’s market circumstance. These factors are also more likely to affect the speed of enterprises into the international marketing management. Andersson’s study has also shown that “growth is a complex phenomenon that is dependent on many factors to occur” (Andersson, 2003).
Findings of some researches describe that the utmost important factors are conducive to the growth of companies.
Effective organization structure, good company management, availability of bank loans and other credit facilities are significant factors towards growth in turnover. This indicates that certain factors affect the growth of the enterprise, such as the intention of the entrepreneur, international development strategy, the organic organization, industry structure and network, culture and national culture.
One important factor is the motivation of entrepreneurs within the enterprise. It is very important for entrepreneurs how to understanding firms’ growth. They focus on innovation and create new value, which will provide a greater opportunity for business growth successful strategy.
The analysis results show that most authors agree that a good corporate management personnel and skilled workers in the company are regarded as important growth factors. Companies constantly need new personal, improve the competitiveness of enterprises to grow which attracting competent staff is also very important.
Another important factor is to choose one that suits the company's strategy. The vision for the future of the company plays a very important role in the control of the company's activities and to encourage employees. It can also see that the growth in most enterprises, including joint ventures, good cash flow management and innovation to be regarded as firms’ growth factors. At the same time, the company of growth factors also has high-quality products, the professional market, and financial support.#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#